U.S. air traffic control remains reliant on outdated technology, a situation that will persist until the 2030s. Despite several decades of efforts to modernize, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has struggled with implementing technology upgrades. Airspace congestion in the Northeast has led to many manual processes and insufficient personnel to manage them.
There have been attempts at solutions, such as remote towers, but these proposals have largely been rejected. The FAA is moving control of Newark airport from Long Island to Philadelphia, which addresses issues at the New York TRACON N90 facility where new controllers are frequently rejected to preserve overtime.
In contrast to many other countries, the U.S. federal government not only regulates air traffic control but also performs the service itself. This dual role has resulted in self-regulation challenges and reliance on annual congressional appropriations cycles, complicating capital investment.