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Post-Cold War influences on modern combat jet development

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Post-Cold War influences on modern combat jet development
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The end of the Cold War marked a significant shift in global military strategies, influencing the development of modern combat aircraft. While many contemporary fighter jets originated during the Cold War, several new projects emerged post-1991, reflecting changing geopolitical dynamics.

The F-22 Raptor's development is rooted in the Cold War era. "The Raptor program began in 1981 when the United States Air Force sought a replacement for its F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falcon," driven by perceived Soviet threats. The request for proposals was issued in 1985, leading to Lockheed and Northrop being selected to develop prototypes in 1986. The YF-22 prototype first flew in 1990 and was chosen as the winner before the Soviet Union's dissolution.

In contrast, the F-35 Lightning II represents a post-Cold War initiative. Its origins lie in Cold War-era programs, but it took shape as a unified project after the Soviet collapse. The program became known as the Joint Strike Fighter in 1995. Boeing and Lockheed Martin were tasked with developing demonstrators, resulting in Lockheed's X-35 being declared superior in 2001.

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The B-21 Raider is among the latest additions to US military aviation. Initiated as a classified Long Range Strike Bomber program in 2011, it aims to replace older bombers like the B-1 Lancer and B-2 Spirit. Northrop Grumman won the contract in 2015, with its first flight occurring at the end of 2023.

Modernized versions of Cold War-era jets also play a role today. For example, while based on older designs, aircraft like the F-15EX Strike Eagle II have been significantly upgraded internally to meet current demands.

Internationally, most European fighters trace their roots back to pre-Cold War developments. However, Russia's Su-57 Felon is a notable post-Cold War project that began in 1999. In Asia, China's Chengdu J-20 Mighty Dragon and FC-31/J-35 are examples of new-generation fighters developed after this period.

Other nations have contributed to post-Cold War jet development too. South Korea's KAI KF-21 Boramae and India's HAL Tejas are part of this trend.

Organizations Included in this History
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