The Boeing E-7 Wedgetail represents a significant advancement in airborne early warning and control systems, featuring the Northrop Grumman Multi-role Electronically Scanned Array (MESA) radar. This technology utilizes Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) capabilities, marking a first at this scale for any airborne platform. The system aims to provide the United States and its allies with a superior airborne radar solution.
Replacing the long-serving Boeing E-3 Sentry, the E-7 offers improved performance metrics and reduced maintenance needs due to its modular design optimized for future upgrades. "Despite its long and valuable service, the E-3’s mechanical systems have grown long in the tooth," highlighting the need for an upgrade.
The E-3 Sentry's AN/APY-2 radar provides 360-degree coverage through mechanical rotation, tracking targets over 250 miles away using pulse-Doppler signal processing. However, its mechanical construction introduces limitations such as increased wear and tear over time.