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The United States Air Force has a long history of operating aerial refueling tankers, which are crucial for extending the range and operational time of fighter jets. Since the 1950s, the Air Force has utilized various tanker models, including the KC-97 Stratofreighter, KC-135 Stratotanker, KC-10 Extender, and most recently, the KC-46 Pegasus.
Aerial refueling began with tests in 1929 using a C-2A biplane but gained significant momentum with the advent of jet engines. The Boeing-designed "flying boom" technique revolutionized refueling operations. According to Air Mobility Command, "Making use of a Boeing-designed ‘flying boom’, aerial refueling techniques for the Air Force changed overnight with the KC-97."
The KC-97 Stratofreighter entered service in 1951 but struggled to keep pace with newer jets due to its propeller-driven design. Despite this limitation, it remained in service until 1973.
