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JetBlue considers legal action over denied slots at Lisbon Airport

JetBlue considers legal action over denied slots at Lisbon Airport
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Joanna Geraghty, chief executive officer | JetBlue

JetBlue is considering legal action against the Portuguese government after being denied additional slots at Lisbon Airport. The airline claims that Portugal’s slot allocation policies unfairly benefit European carriers and limit access for US airlines, including JetBlue.

The dispute centers on Lisbon Airport, a major transatlantic hub in Southern Europe that has struggled with high demand and limited capacity due to its single runway. According to JetBlue, efforts to expand service at Lisbon have been unsuccessful since 2023 because of repeated slot denials. The airline argues that this situation violates the US-European Open Skies Agreement by restricting US carriers’ opportunities while European airlines face no such limits when flying to the United States.

“JetBlue said its efforts to expand in Lisbon have been hindered since 2023 after repeatedly being denied new slots, while European airlines have enjoyed unrestricted access to US airports, a reality that it deems a violation of the US-European Open Skies Agreement. This has ultimately prevented JetBlue from growing its Southern European network and forced it to rely on unfavorable partnerships, including a short-lived agreement with TAP Air Portugal, which it ended this summer.”

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US carriers currently hold about 33% of available slots at Lisbon Airport, which is lower than the European average of 45% and among the lowest shares for major airports across Europe. In 2024, Lisbon served more than 35 million passengers—over 10% higher than pre-pandemic levels in 2019.

Lisbon is not alone in facing accusations of bias against American airlines. Similar disputes have occurred at Amsterdam Schiphol and Dublin airports regarding access to takeoff and landing rights. For example, Airlines for America (A4A), an industry group representing major US carriers, recently threatened legal action against Amsterdam Schiphol if planned flight caps were implemented due to noise regulations—a move expected to reduce annual flights from 500,000 to 478,000 this winter. Dublin Airport also faces criticism for capping passenger numbers at 32 million per year.

The US Department of Transportation (DOT) has taken steps in other international slot disputes as well. In Mexico City’s case, DOT imposed restrictions on Mexican carriers’ access to the United States and removed antitrust immunity from certain airline partnerships until Mexico agreed to return confiscated slots previously held by American airlines.

In response to ongoing congestion at Lisbon Airport, Portuguese authorities plan to build a new airport in Alcochete—about 40 kilometers from the city—to increase capacity. However, even under optimistic scenarios, this $9 billion project is not expected before 2037. Delays are possible due to ongoing negotiations and political changes. Meanwhile, interim expansion work will be carried out at Lisbon’s existing airport facilities with an aim of increasing hourly flight movements up to 45.

JetBlue was founded in 2000 and is led by CEO Joanna Geraghty. Its main hubs include Boston Logan International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport, New York JFK Airport, Orlando International Airport, and Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport.

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