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How airbus resolved major structural issues with A380

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How airbus resolved major structural issues with A380
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Air France | Official Website

The Airbus A380, the largest passenger airliner ever built, faced a significant setback when cracks were discovered in the wing rib feet of nearly 80 aircraft in service. This discovery led to inspections ordered by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) on a third of all operational A380s.

"The BBC reported in 2012 that planes operated by Air France, Emirates, and Singapore Airlines were affected, with inspections revealing more cracking."

The issue was attributed to the materials used in certain wing brackets and stresses during manufacturing. Airbus initially used aluminum alloys for the wing rib feet while constructing brackets from carbon composite materials. To address this problem, Airbus proposed replacing carbon-composite materials with conventional aluminum for the wing brackets.

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"Airbus' 'final fix' would come in late 2012."

This change aimed to prevent further cracking and maintain safety. Despite the initial choice being motivated by weight-saving goals, this proved challenging due to the size of the A380's wings. The use of carbon composites was intended to save weight but resulted in unforeseen complications.

"In 2024, the EASA issued an Airworthiness Directive once again about the wing rib feet."

Airbus modified its production process starting in late 2012 and introduced a new wing design standard in 2014 using aluminum material. The company also provided parts for repairs to its customers.

"While the choice of materials was a conscious choice to reduce weight, Airbus' inexperience with this material proved to be detrimental."

In addition to structural issues, wiring complexities during development delayed entry into service three times and cost over $6 billion. Discrepancies between engineering teams using different software versions contributed to these challenges.

"The redesigns ended up taking two years to rectify; however, the lessons learned did contribute to Airbus becoming more of a unified company rather than a group of affiliated manufacturers."

Despite these hurdles, the A380 has been praised for its technological advancements and fuel savings compared to older models like Boeing 747s.

"Per-seat costs are incredibly important to airlines."

However, newer models such as Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 offered better cost-effectiveness per seat, affecting A380's market competitiveness.

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