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Could cockpit video recorders improve air crash investigations

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Could cockpit video recorders improve air crash investigations
Policy
Webp homendy
​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Jennifer L. Homendy Chairwoman at NTSB | National Transportation Safety Board

In the aftermath of plane crashes, investigators prioritize finding aircraft's black boxes, which are actually orange and known as the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) and Flight Data Recorder (FDR). These devices help analyze pilots' inputs. However, some argue that data from these recorders might not always tell the full story. As a result, certain lobbyists advocate for installing video recorders in cockpits to provide visual evidence.

The debate about cockpit video recorders resurfaced after Air India Flight 171 crashed in Ahmedabad. Initial reports suggested that the crash occurred due to fuel flow issues after takeoff. Some believe video evidence could clarify how and why this happened.

This debate predates the Ahmedabad incident. AIN Online reported last year that the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) in the US has prioritized cockpit cameras since 2003. Despite this, such technology is not yet mandated. According to FlightGlobal, IATA Director General Willie Walsh supports it: "Our industry has always been very open in sharing information...a video recorded in addition to the voice recording would significantly assist investigators."

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According to AIN Online, NTSB faced resistance from Congress and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regarding mandating cockpit video recorders on commercial aircraft. FlightGlobal notes opposition from pilots due to confidentiality concerns.

AIN's report highlighted a proposal requiring US aircraft under Part 121 rules to install crash-proof video recorders storing 25 hours of data within seven years. However, by passing through Congress, only storage for voice and data recorders was increased to 25 hours; video was omitted.

Opposition also comes from pilots who argue against cameras due to confidentiality issues. The Air Line Pilots Association claims cameras could mislead investigations: "would add virtually nothing of real value," arguing hand or leg movements aren't proof of inputs.

There are examples where video proved useful. Footage from an Australian helicopter crash in 2023 showed distraction by non-flying tasks led to a fatal accident. While experts remain divided on their effectiveness for incidents like Air India's crash, they may simplify future investigations.

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