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US Air Force explores using business jets as aerial refueling tankers

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US Air Force explores using business jets as aerial refueling tankers
Policy
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CEO Kelly Ortberg | Boeing

The US Air Force is considering the use of business jets as aerial refueling tankers to address the challenge of modernizing its aging tanker fleet. The current fleet, which includes many Boeing KC-135 Stratotankers and KC-10 Extenders, is becoming outdated. The Air Force already operates several Gulfstream and Bombardier-based aircraft for various roles, such as VIP transport and battlefield communications.

The KC-46A Pegasus is currently being introduced as a more modern tanker platform, but it is not expected to be the final solution for the Air Force’s needs. A stealthy Next Generation Air Refueling System (NGAS) is under development, though no public timeline has been released for its arrival.

General John Lamontagne, head of Air Mobility Command, discussed the broad range of options being considered for future air refueling: “We are working on the Next Generation Air Refueling System, NGAS, as it’s effectively known. Put the finishing touches on that last year. And that was a really wide look at how we would do air refueling in the future. When I say a wide look, looking at conventional tankers [as] we know it today, you know something like a [KC-]135 or KC-46 as is; something with a bunch of mission systems added to it, with a defense systems [sic], connectivity, intelligence and more; a business jet; a blended wing body; or a signature-managed [stealthy] tanker.”

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Using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) parts has become an important strategy for reducing costs and improving efficiency in new military platforms. Aircraft such as the Boeing 737-based P-8A Poseidon and 767-based KC-46 Pegasus have benefited from this approach by leveraging existing global supply chains.

One limitation of using business jets as tankers is their smaller fuel capacity compared to larger aircraft like the 767. Modifying these jets for aerial refueling would further reduce available space. However, acquiring business jets ready-made could avoid some of the costs and delays associated with developing new platforms through traditional defense procurement processes.

Bombardier previously offered its KC-390 Millennium—a smaller alternative to larger tankers—to the Air Force without success but continues to promote its advantages in efficiency and capability. Despite better performance than modified business jets, adopting new platforms like the KC-390 would require significant investment in supply chains and training programs.

Budget constraints appear to be driving consideration of business jet tankers rather than larger capital investments in new aircraft types. The outcome will depend on decisions made by Pentagon leadership and Congress regarding defense spending priorities.

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