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Comparing careers: Helicopter vs fixed-wing pilots

Comparing careers: Helicopter vs fixed-wing pilots
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Joanna Bailey Managing Editor | Simple Flying

The differences between helicopter and fixed-wing pilots start pre-training. Fixed-wing pilots may earn more than helicopter pilots post-training. Helicopters are more skill-intensive and have lower safety records than fixed-wing aircraft. Helicopter pilots might experience some of the most scenic views as they fly inside national parks, mountainous regions, and other destinations for sightseeing. However, not everyone is drawn to this profession, with some perceiving it as riskier than operating fixed-wing aircraft. There are also differences in training to become a helicopter pilot versus a fixed-wing pilot and in the returns pilots get after investing in such a career.

The differences begin before training to become a pilot and continue afterward. Prospective pilots must carefully evaluate the costs of training alongside job prospects in either helicopters or fixed-wing aircraft. In some countries, like Nepal, there is limited scope for helicopter pilots compared to a booming fixed-wing sector.

Moti Ram Itani, director of a Part 147 school in Nepal with extensive experience counseling students about piloting studies, said: “Training to become a pilot, especially for an aspirant in Nepal, is unbelievably expensive - especially if you consider the GDP of the nation. So, a person looking to become a pilot in Nepal must carefully examine their job prospects. For some reason, we have not been able to expand the aviation sector of Nepal as much as we would have liked. Yes, the helicopter industry is growing, most notably in the Everest region. Despite it all, becoming a helicopter pilot (or an airline pilot, for that matter) in Nepal is quite challenging. Given the expenses of becoming a helicopter pilot and the various hurdles you need to overcome before securing a job in the aviation sector of this nation, I would ask any aspiring pilot to weigh these factors before deciding.”

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This dilemma extends beyond Nepal. According to Southern Utah University: “As a helicopter pilot, you can potentially make $45 for every $1 spent on your education. As an airplane pilot, you can potentially make $56 for every $1 spent on your education.”

The aerodynamics of helicopters and aircraft are different, impacting their safety records as well. A helicopter can take off and land vertically while fixed-wing aircraft require horizontal flight space. The service ceilings differ significantly; helicopters often operate at lower altitudes under challenging conditions such as rescue missions at Everest Base Camp.

Captain Maurizio from Italy holds the record for the highest rescue operation on Everest and commented on these challenges: “7,000m (23,000ft) is the upper limit of a helicopter’s certification…(The altitude) changes everything. It changes the way we fly; it changes the way the machine flies; it changes all the instruments – there are a lot of things to think about.”

Fixed-wing aircraft generally cruise at altitudes between 33,000-42,000 ft—much higher than helicopters' operational ceilings.

Stephen M. Dickson from the Federal Aviation Administration highlighted safety statistics: "US Helicopter Safety Team’s latest numbers [show] that the helicopter sector has a fatal accident rate of approximately 0.63 per 100,000 hours based on a five-year moving average... Commercial jets have a fatality rate of one death per 2.7 million flights."

Flying helicopters requires intensive skills due to special missions demanding precision under challenging conditions like maritime rescues or peacebuilding operations.

Transitioning from flying helicopters to fixed-wing aircraft isn't straightforward but possible according to Ryan Goodwin from Simple Flying: “In the United States...a professional helicopter pilot can transition...with 1,500 total hours of flight time...for military-trained pilots reduced to 750 hours...becoming eligible for an airline transport pilot (ATP) certificate...requires commercial pilot certificate...50 hours in airplane multi-engine land aircraft...[and] 250 total hours of pilot-in-command time.”

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