Understanding fighter jet generations: From first to sixth

Second-generation fighters emerged in the 1950s to early 1960s, featuring supersonic speeds and swept wings. They introduced infrared and semi-active guided missiles, with examples like the F-100 and MiG-19 leading this category.

In the early 1960s to 1970, third-generation fighters appeared with more complex engines and improved avionics for beyond visual range engagements. The F-105 and MiG-23 exemplify this era's advancements.

Fourth-generation fighters span from the 1970s to present day, incorporating fly-by-wire systems and increased maneuverability. Aircraft such as the F-14 and Su-27 fall into this category. Modernized versions are often referred to as "4.5th generation."

Fifth-generation fighters began production around 2005, emphasizing stealth capabilities and advanced sensor fusion technology. Examples include the F-22 Raptor and Chengdu J-20.

Sixth-generation fighters are expected by 2030, characterized by AI technology integration, laser weapons, and enhanced computing power within a "system-of-systems" framework. The United States has already tested prototypes under its NGAD program.

These classifications highlight significant milestones in fighter jet evolution while recognizing ongoing debates regarding specific categorizations within each generation.